During August 1968, a team led by Lockheed, as well as a rival team comprising Convair and Grumman, were requested to further develop their proposals to meet this requirement. The service issued a request for proposals to industry. In the mid-1960s, the United States Navy (USN) formulated the VSX (Heavier-than-air, Anti-submarine, Experimental) requirement, which sought a dedicated anti-submarine aircraft capable of flying off of its aircraft carriers as a replacement for its existing inventory of piston-engined Grumman S-2 Trackers. The Republic of Korea Navy also had plans to operate revived S-3s for ASW these plans were cancelled in 2017.ĭevelopment YS-3A prototype S-3 escape system testing During the 2010s, Lockheed Martin proposed to refurbish them for carrier onboard delivery. Most retired S-3s were placed into storage while options for their future were investigated. The last operational S-3 was used by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA) at its Glenn Research Center until NASA retired it in mid-2021. For more a decade after that, some S-3s were flown by Air Test and Evaluation Squadron Thirty ( VX-30) at Naval Base Ventura County / NAS Point Mugu, California, for range clearance and surveillance operations at the NAVAIR Point Mugu Range. The S-3 was removed from front-line fleet service aboard aircraft carriers in January 2009, its missions having been taken over by the P-3C Orion, P-8 Poseidon, SH-60 Seahawk, and F/A-18E/F Super Hornet. It saw combat during the Gulf War of the early 1990s, the Yugoslav Wars of the mid-to-late 1990s, and the War in Afghanistan during the 2000s. In the late 1990s, the S-3B's mission focus shifted to surface warfare and aerial refueling a carrier battle group.
Further variants, such as the ES-3A Shadow carrier-based electronic intelligence (ELINT) platform, and the US-3A carrier-based utility and cargo transport, arrived during the 1980s and 1990s. In the ASW role, the S-3 carried automated weapons and in-flight refueling gear. Upon entering regular service during February 1974, it proved to be a reliable workhorse. On 21 January 1972, the prototype YS-3A performed the type's maiden flight. It was designed, with assistance from Ling-Temco-Vought (LTV), to be a carrier-based, subsonic, all-weather, long-range, multi-mission aircraft. Navy (USN) to procure a successor anti-submarine warfare (ASW) aircraft to the Grumman S-2 Tracker. The S-3 was developed in response to the VSX program conducted by the U.S. Because of its characteristic sound, it was nicknamed the "War Hoover" after the vacuum cleaner brand. The Lockheed S-3 Viking is a four-crew, twin-engine turbofan-powered jet aircraft designed and produced by the American aerospace manufacturer Lockheed Corporation.
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